A syllabus primarily organized around language functions and notions such as apologising and time duration is called what?

• A. Notional-functional syllabus
• B. Structural-syntactic syllabus
• C. Situational-sociolinguistic syllabus
• D. Lexical-grammar syllabus

Answer: (A)

The main concept tested here is organizing a syllabus by language use and communicative purpose rather than by grammatical form. A notional-functional syllabus groups content around functions and notions such as apologizing or stating time duration, focusing on what learners need to be able to do in real communication. This approach emphasizes meaning and how language works in real tasks, rather than just the rules of structure or vocabulary in isolation.

In this view, apologizing or describing how long something lasts are concrete purposes learners want to achieve, which is why the notional-functional label fits. By contrast, a structural-syntactic syllabus centers on grammar rules and sentence forms, a situational-sociolinguistic syllabus organizes content around social contexts and registers, and a lexical-grammar syllabus blends vocabulary items with grammatical patterns.