A syllabus primarily organized around language functions and notions such as apologising and time duration is called what?

• A. Notional-functional syllabus
• B. Structural-syntactic syllabus
• C. Situational-sociolinguistic syllabus
• D. Lexical-grammar syllabus

Answer: (A)

The main idea being tested is organizing language content by communicative functions and notions. When a syllabus centers on what you want to do with language—apologizing, giving durations, asking for time, making invitations, etc.—it groups learning around functions and the ideas (notions) behind those functions, rather than just gram mar rules or vocabulary in isolation. This makes the material inherently about meaning and practical use, helping learners perform real tasks in real situations.

That’s why the notional-functional syllabus is the best fit. It contrasts with approaches that prioritize form over use: the structural-syntactic syllabus focuses on grammar structures; the lexical-grammar syllabus emphasizes chunks of vocabulary and their grammatical behavior; and the situational-sociolinguistic syllabus centers on social contexts and appropriate language use in specific situations. The notional-functional approach uniquely combines the purpose of communication (functions) with the concepts involved (notions) to shape what is taught and practiced.