In language teaching, what term describes the overarching view that guides the selection of methods and classroom activities?

• A. Approach
• B. Method
• C. Strategy
• D. Technique

Answer: (A)

Approach is the broad, guiding view about language and learning that shapes what is valued, what counts as knowledge, and how learners acquire the language. Because it sets these fundamental beliefs, it directs which methods are appropriate and what kinds of classroom activities fit those beliefs. For example, an approach that emphasizes learning through meaningful communication and social interaction leads you to favor methods that center on interaction, task-based or communicative activities, and authentic materials rather than isolated grammar drills. A method, by contrast, is a concrete plan for implementing that approach in the classroom, while a technique is a specific activity used within a lesson. A strategy is a tactic learners use to process or recall language. So this term best captures the broad orientation that shapes method choices and everyday classroom activities.