Strategies used by learners to obtain practice in using the language. Example: starting up conversations.

• A. Socio-affective strategies
• B. Strategic Competence
• C. Sociolinguistic Competence
• D. Short-Term Memory

Answer: (A)

This item is about how learners actively create chances to use the language by engaging with others. Socio-affective strategies are used to manage feelings and social interaction so you can practice speaking more effectively. Starting up conversations is a clear example: it puts you in real communicative situations, helps reduce anxiety, builds confidence, and gives you authentic practice with the language.

Strategic competence is more about knowing which technique to use when you hit a communication hurdle—choosing ways to convey meaning, repair misunderstandings, or paraphrase. Sociolinguistic competence focuses on using language appropriately for the social context—matching tone, register, and politeness to who you’re talking to. Short-term memory is a cognitive function, not a strategy for practicing language.