Which approach focuses on explicit grammar rules and translation within language teaching?

• A. Grammar translation
• B. Communicative language teaching
• C. Natural approach
• D. Task-based learning

Answer: (A)

Explicit grammar instruction and translation define this approach. The Grammar Translation Method centers on explaining grammar rules, memorizing vocabulary, and translating sentences and texts, typically using the learner’s native language to analyze form and meaning. It emphasizes reading and writing accuracy and tends to de-emphasize spontaneous speaking and listening practice. By contrast, the other methods prioritize communication, natural acquisition with minimal overt grammar, or task-based use of language rather than explicit rule-based translation.