Which term defines a syllabus that emphasizes the processes learners use to complete language tasks, such as collecting information and drafting?

• A. Process-oriented syllabus
• B. Process writing
• C. Pre-teaching
• D. Pre-listening

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is organizing a syllabus around the way learners actually work to complete tasks rather than just around language forms. A process-oriented syllabus centers on the steps students take to finish a task—gathering information, planning, drafting, revising, and negotiating meaning—and on the strategies they use along the way. This emphasis on learners’ procedures and decisions during task performance is what defines it and aligns with a task-based approach to language learning. Process writing, while related to writing stages, focuses specifically on the writing process itself and isn’t a whole-syllabus type for all tasks. Pre-teaching and pre-listening refer to activities that occur before the main task rather than the overarching organizing principle of the syllabus.