Which term on the list refers to the ability to produce extended written and spoken texts, such as conversations?

• A. Discourse management
• B. Action research
• C. Achievement test
• D. Dictogloss

Answer: (A)

Discourse management is about the ability to produce extended written and spoken texts, such as conversations, by organizing ideas, sustaining a topic, and managing turn-taking and cohesion. It looks at how well a speaker can structure discourse over longer stretches, respond to others, and adapt language to the context. Tasks that require describing processes, telling stories, debating, or sustaining an argument test this skill, since they demand coherent flow and purposeful organization of ideas.

The other terms don’t fit as well. Action research is a method for investigating and improving teaching practice, not about language production. An achievement test measures what a learner has already learned in specific content. Dictogloss is a listening-and-reconstruction activity focused on listening accuracy and text reconstruction, not on producing extended original discourse.